International Day for the Conservation of the Mangrove Ecosystem (26th July) serves as a crucial reminder that these coastal guardians are vanishing

What are Mangroves? 

About:

Mangroves are specialized coastal ecosystems consisting of salt-tolerant (halophytic) trees and shrubs that flourish in the intertidal zones of tropical and subtropical regions. 



Mangrove Cover in India: 

As per Indian State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2023, India's mangrove cover is about 4,992 sq. km, accounting for 0.15% of the country’s geographical area. 

Carbon Sequestration: 

Mangroves store around 394 tonnes of carbon per hectare, exceeding most terrestrial forests, due to anaerobic and saline soils that slow decomposition.  

Coastal Protection: 

Mangroves serve as natural buffers against storm surges, tsunamis, and coastal erosion acting as  "bio-shields".  

Land Conversion for Agriculture: 

According to the "State of the World's Mangroves 2024" report, extensive conversion of mangrove land for aquaculture (26%), oil palm plantations, and rice cultivation (43%) is a major driver of loss.

Invasive Species & Biodiversity Loss: 

Species like Prosopis juliflora, found in Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka, disrupt native mangrove habitats by altering soil salinity, reducing freshwater availability, and preventing natural regeneration, thereby threatening local biodiversity.

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